UNESCO

Why in News?

United States wants to rejoin UNESCO

For Prelims: UNESCO

Why did the US Quit UNESCO?

Palestinian Membership: The US’s decision to leave UNESCO traces back to 2011 when Palestine was inducted as a member. In response, the US halted its funding to UNESCO, which amounted to millions of dollars during President Barack Obama’s tenure.
Israeli Objections and Anti-Israel Bias: Israel, alongside the US, opposed the inclusion of Palestine, citing concerns over anti-Israel bias within UNESCO.
- Israel highlighted UNESCO’s criticism of Israel’s occupation of East Jerusalem and the recognition of ancient Jewish sites as Palestinian heritage sites.
Legal Restrictions and Funding Suspension: US laws, influenced by historical ties with Israel, prohibit funding to any UN agency that implies recognition of Palestinian statehood.
- Due to these legal restrictions, the US ceased funding UNESCO, leading to a significant accumulation of unpaid dues.

Addressing Concerns and China’s Influence: US officials stated that the decision to rejoin UNESCO was influenced by China’s growing influence within the organization.
- China has taken a prominent role in shaping UNESCO policies related to artificial intelligence and technology education.
- The US recognized the importance of actively participating to compete with China in the digital age.
Leadership and Multilateralism: Under the leadership of UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay, efforts were made to address US concerns since her election in 2017. The US’s return to UNESCO is seen as a historic moment and a reaffirmation of commitment to multilateralism.

UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.UNESCO is a specialized agency under UN. It seeks to build world peace through global cooperation in Education, the Sciences, and Culture.
UNESCO’s programmes contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
HQ= Paris, France.
It has 194 Members and 12 Associate Members. India joined UNESCO in 1946.